WarsawCost of Living, Salary & Rent (2026)
very safe, real winters — affordable by EU standards
More of Warsaw
Day viewTL;DRWarsaw in one sentence
Warsaw is not cheap, very safe, democratic-ish. Weather-wise: the climate is livable. Practically speaking: you can get by in English, rent runs ~$1224/mo, PR in ~5 years.
Warsaw is not cheap, very safe, democratic-ish. Weather-wise: the climate is livable. Practically speaking: you can get by in English, rent runs ~$1224/mo, PR in ~5 years.
Considering relocating to Warsaw? Expect rent from $1,224/month, one of the safer cities in its region, English is widely spoken. This page covers cost of living, safety, weather, residency options, and everything else settlers want to know before signing a lease.
🇬🇧From Leaving the UK — Brexit means Brexit. Yours means a moving van.← back🇵🇱 Warsaw, Poland
Mid SWE take-home in Warsaw
$3,599/mo
Median mid Software Engineer · after 39% tax
$2,909
expenses
+$690
you keep
Just you against the world. And the rent.
Expenses = rent + food + transport + utilities · Rent alone: $1,224/mo
How the Livability Score is calculatedShow score breakdown ▸
Total: 88.8/120 raw pts → normalized to 74/100 · Full methodology
☀️ 9:08 AM in Warsaw right now
Data: Numbeo · UNODC · EIU · EF EPI · Ookla · How is this calculated?
Is Warsaw a Good Place to Live in 2026?
Warsaw checks the key boxes for long-term settlers — democratic governance, reasonable safety, and manageable cost of living. Permanent residency is achievable in 5 years. Here's what the numbers say about settling in Warsaw, Poland.
- ›Flawed democracy: Democracy index 7.4/10 — a flawed democracy — elections happen, but institutional weaknesses persist.
- ›Cost of living: A 1-bedroom in the center runs ~$1224/mo — moderate — not cheap, not painful.
- ›Safety: Homicide rate 0.7 per 100k (Numbeo safety index: 75/100) — statistically safer than most places you've already lived.
- ›Polish + English: English proficiency: very high — most locals speak English comfortably — daily life works fine without the local language.
- ›Residency path: PR in ~5 years, citizenship in 8 — standard timeline — typical for most developed countries.
- ›Climate: Summers peak around 23°C, winters dip to -4°C.
Life in Warsaw
✦ Sections reordered for Leaving the UK
What It Actually Costs
Beer $5.3 · Cheap meal $12
What It Actually Costs
Beer $5.3 · Cheap meal $12
What It Actually Costs
One day in Warsaw
$32.72/day
Beer, coffee, two meals, a metro ride.
Monthly
Numbeo
What Paychecks Look Like
Junior $30k · Mid $71k · Senior $89k
What Paychecks Look Like
Junior $30k · Mid $71k · Senior $89k
What Paychecks Look Like
Annual gross in USD — with what Poland actually lets you keep
Levels.fyi · as of May 2026
Junior ~ $30k · Mid ~ $71k · Senior ~ $89k — see breakdown
Software Engineer by level
Net = employee rate, your settings
Punch in your actual salary for a personalized breakdown →Cost to Land
1-bed centre: $1224/mo
Cost to Land
1-bed centre: $1224/mo
Cost to Land
The price of showing up (before real life starts)
$5,032one-time
Then it's ~$2,909/mo to actually live here.
Can you afford it?
Enter your salary in the sidebar to see how far it stretches here.
Numbeo
Local tenancy law
Market standard
IKEA estimate
Polish immigration
Based on local rental laws & Numbeo prices
How Hard to Find a Place?
2/5 · 1–2 weeks, tenant-favorable market
How Hard to Find a Place?
2/5 · 1–2 weeks, tenant-favorable market
How Hard Is It to Actually Find a Place?
The part Numbeo doesn't tell you
Some paperwork, but nothing you can't sort in a week or two.
What stands between you and a lease
- •1–2 months' deposit
- •PESEL number helpful but not required for renting
- •Market shifted in favor of tenants (2025–2026)
- •Polish-language contracts — get translation
Investropa Poland Rents 2026, polandinsight.com · 2026-Q1
Tax on Savings
Capital gains 19% · Dividends 19% · No wealth tax
Tax on Savings
Capital gains 19% · Dividends 19% · No wealth tax
Tax on Savings
What Poland takes from your investments, not your paycheck
Source: PwC / Tax Foundation · 2025 rates · tax-resident individuals
Freelance Setup in Poland
JDG · First 6 months: no social contributions under ulga na start; then PLN 456.18/mo in preferential ZUS social contributions from 2026 (health extra)
Freelance Setup in Poland
JDG · First 6 months: no social contributions under ulga na start; then PLN 456.18/mo in preferential ZUS social contributions from 2026 (health extra)
Freelance Setup
What it takes to get legal and stay legal in Warsaw
Best-fit path
Ulga na start, then preferencyjne składki ZUS / Mały ZUS Plus if eligible
Registration requirements
Poland is cheap to start but not truly frictionless because health contributions still apply and the tax-form choice matters a lot once revenue grows.
Freelancing in Warsaw
Freelancing in Warsaw
Living Here as a Freelancer
What it takes to invoice clients from Warsaw without an employer holding your hand
How the government sees you
ZUS ~PLN 1,600/mo (~€370). Reduced ZUS for first 2 years: ~PLN 400/mo
Getting paid
Cost of doing business
Mandatory — included in ZUS contributions
Source: ZUS · Krajowa Administracja Skarbowa · rates as of 2025–2026
Is Warsaw a Good Place to Live in 2026?
3 pros · 4 cons
Is Warsaw a Good Place to Live in 2026?
3 pros · 4 cons
Is Warsaw a Good Place to Live in 2026?
Derived from cost, safety, weather, democracy, and internet data
For
- +Safety in Warsaw: 0.7/100k rate. Focus on other things.
- +English covers the office and the bar in Warsaw. Career won't stall.
- +Path to PR from Warsaw: 5 years. Not forever.
Against
- −City rent in Warsaw: $1224/mo. Plan for it.
- −-4°C winter lows in Warsaw. Heavier coat incoming.
- −Polish at the bank and the doctor in Warsaw isn't optional. Work English won't save you there.
- −Power in Warsaw scores 65/100. "Usually stable" does the heavy lifting.
Is Warsaw Safe?
Homicide rate: 0.7 per 100k
Is Warsaw Safe?
Homicide rate: 0.7 per 100k
Is Warsaw Safe?
Safe overall. Standard urban awareness is sufficient.
Residents report feeling very safe. Low everyday crime concern across the board.
Neighborhood breakdown
We don't have an official neighborhood-level crime feed wired for Warsaw yet. The figures above are still citywide or regional.
Settling the family in Warsaw
PISA 492 · Daycare $615/mo · Partner can work immediately
Settling the family in Warsaw
PISA 492 · Daycare $615/mo · Partner can work immediately
Settling the family in Warsaw
Schools, daycare, healthcare, and partner work rights on one page
Schools
PISA 492Public schools run in Polish and children on residence permits can enroll: Yes.
If you need English from day one, plan around private international schools rather than assuming public EAL support.
International options: 4 schools · low $6k/yr · mid $11k/yr · high $26k/yr
Open admission; market growing fast post-2022 migration wave
Russian-language schooling: Embassy school (ul. Kielecka 45) building seized by Polish authorities in April 2023; school continues in reduced capacity on embassy premises. No other dedicated Russian-language schools. Post-2022 political climate makes new openings unlikely.
Kindergarten / Daycare
$615/mo/childPrivate full-day preschool: $615/mo (per child).
Public-availability rules and waitlist length are not tracked in the current city dataset yet, so treat this as the private-price floor, not the full childcare story.
Family Healthcare
Mandatory public insuranceNFZ public insurance covers employed residents; private clinics popular for speed
EU citizens: EHIC covers necessary care via NFZ. Ukrainians with temporary protection: full public healthcare access (extended to March 2027). Other non-EU: emergency only without insurance — private coverage ~€45/mo. NFZ enrollment starts with employment.
Dependents on temporary status: public coverage exists.
Pediatric/specialist reality: 4–16 weeks public.
Full pediatric coverage under NFZ
Spouse / Dependent Rules
Partner can work immediatelyPartner can work immediately
Spouse receives residence permit with unrestricted work access under EU family reunification rules.
But can they actually find a job?
Warsaw multinationals and Kraków tech companies hire in English. Younger Poles speak excellent English. Senior roles and local companies: Polish becomes critical.
Child benefits and family allowances are not tracked for this country yet — check the country-level residency rules before assuming those offsets are in your budget.
Sources: isd_tuition, Numbeo, OECD Health at a Glance 2025, National health ministry websites, OECD Health at a Glance 2025, https://udsc.gov.pl
Crossing the Street
6.5 road deaths/100k · ↓ improving
Crossing the Street
6.5 road deaths/100k · ↓ improving
Crossing the Street
Road traffic deaths — country-level data; city-specific rates not available
Roads are noticeably more dangerous than in Western Europe. Pedestrian infrastructure is limited in many areas. You're 10× more likely to die crossing the street than being murdered here. Pedestrians account for a significant share of fatalities — walkability is a real concern.
Who dies on the road
Data year: 2016
Will You Survive Getting Sick?
NFZ public insurance covers employed residents; private clinics popular for speed
Will You Survive Getting Sick?
NFZ public insurance covers employed residents; private clinics popular for speed
Healthcare
Quality, access, and costs for settlers
Score = 50% outcomes + 30% access + 20% perception. Missing components are re-weighted.
EU citizens: EHIC covers necessary care via NFZ. Ukrainians with temporary protection: full public healthcare access (extended to March 2027). Other non-EU: emergency only without insurance — private coverage ~€45/mo. NFZ enrollment starts with employment.
NFZ public insurance covers employed residents; private clinics popular for speed
Kids: Full pediatric coverage under NFZ
Good healthcare system. Competent doctors, modern equipment, and reasonable wait times at most facilities.
Sources: OECD Health at a Glance 2025, Numbeo, National health ministry websites, OECD Health at a Glance 2025
For the Kids
4 international schools · PISA 492
For the Kids
4 international schools · PISA 492
For the Kids
Schools, childcare costs, and whether your children can actually enroll
Solid public education system. Not world-beating, but your kids won't fall behind their cousins back home.
Sources: isd_tuition, oecd_pisa, wikipedia_intl_schools, isd_named_schools, Townleap verified Russian-language schooling references, Numbeo
What You're Breathing
PM2.5 22.3 μg/m³ · 4.5× WHO limit
What You're Breathing
PM2.5 22.3 μg/m³ · 4.5× WHO limit
What You're Breathing
Invisible particles in every breath
Sources: WHO Air Quality Database V6.1, OpenAQ
Weather in Warsaw
Summer 23°C · 16.8h daylight (Jun) · Winter -4°C · 7.7h daylight (Dec)
Weather in Warsaw
Summer 23°C · 16.8h daylight (Jun) · Winter -4°C · 7.7h daylight (Dec)
Weather in Warsaw
Spring
13°C
46% sunny
Summer
23°C
56% sunny
16.8h daylight
Fall
12°C
41% sunny
Winter
2°C
31% sunny
7.7h daylight
Daylight contrast
Winter 7.7h (Dec) vs summer 16.8h (Jun)
+9.1h
Best: Summer. Avoid: Spring, Fall, Winter if you dislike extremes.
Source: WeatherSpark
Will You Have a Thursday Night?
Will You Have a Thursday Night?
Will You Have a Thursday Night?
Nightlife & social scene
as of Apr 2026
Scene tags
Source: Numbeo Quality of Life Index
Will You Find Your Dance Nerds?
Lindy hop 3/5 · ~3 weekly socials
Will You Find Your Dance Nerds?
Lindy hop 3/5 · ~3 weekly socials
Will You Find Your Dance Nerds?
Swing dance scene intel
Schools
Festivals
Source: retroweekend.pl, lindy.plus · Updated Mar 2026
Who Has Offices in Warsaw?
CD Projekt, Allegro, Samsung R&D + 6 more
Who Has Offices in Warsaw?
CD Projekt, Allegro, Samsung R&D + 6 more
Who Has Offices in Warsaw?
✓ visa = known to sponsor non-EU work visas
Notable employers with offices in the city. Not exhaustive.
How Fast Is the Wi-Fi, Really?
109↓ / 23↑ Mbps
How Fast Is the Wi-Fi, Really?
109↓ / 23↑ Mbps
How Fast Is the Wi-Fi, Really?
Median speeds across all connection types · Ookla Speedtest Global Index
Download is the city median across all connection types — DSL, cable, fiber, and mobile. Upload is the country-wide average. If you're on a modern fiber or 5G plan, expect 300–1,000 Mbps down.
Source: Ookla Speedtest Global Index
How You'll Actually Pay for Things
How You'll Actually Pay for Things
Payment Methods
Banking & money mobility for settlers
Passport is technically enough but banks vary wildly — some branches refuse non-residents while others welcome them; a PESEL number (national ID) and proof of address smooth the process significantly.
RU / BY passport holders
Technically possible with residence card but banks drag their feet on compliance
What settlers actually do: Polish banks can open accounts for foreigners but compliance officers increasingly cautious. Need valid residence card (TRC) or visa. EUR 100k cap.
If You're Fleeing a War Zone
If You're Fleeing a War Zone
If You're Fleeing a War Zone
Wartime support for Ukrainian settlers
Free healthcare. Free education including higher education. From Feb 2026 benefits linked to employment. ~987,000 Ukrainians in Poland.
3-year temporary residence permit for TP beneficiaries who are employed and have 2+ years residence.
Strongest integration path -- 3-year residency option; but benefits tightening for unemployed
Can Your Mom Visit?
Can Your Mom Visit?
Poland, the Country
Can You Actually Live Here?
PR in ~5 yrs · Citizenship in 8 yrs · Partner can work immediately
Can You Actually Live Here?
PR in ~5 yrs · Citizenship in 8 yrs · Partner can work immediately
Can You Actually Live Here?
Visa difficulty, time to residency, and what it takes to stay
For a US citizen passport: Moderate
What you need to earn
EU Blue Card
Requires B1 Polish proficiency.
Partner & dependents
Spouse receives residence permit with unrestricted work access under EU family reunification rules.
Updated Mar 2026 · Source
What You Can Actually Do Here
Tech jobs high · Sponsorship mixed · Active startup scene · software-it, finance, game-dev
What You Can Actually Do Here
Tech jobs high · Sponsorship mixed · Active startup scene · software-it, finance, game-dev
What You Can Actually Do Here
Industries, employers, and how startup-friendly this place is
Employment
Tech job density High (65/100)ⓘ
Open tech roles ~3.3k(est.)
Top university ranked #258 globally
Non-EU sponsorship Mixed (65/100)ⓘ
Workplace language Mixed (English works in tech and multinational firms, but Polish still dominates local employers and administration.)
Startup Scene
Ease of doing business: #40
Sources: StartupBlink · scraper-owned tech clusters · country visa sources
Who's Running the Show
Democracy index: 7.4/10
Who's Running the Show
Democracy index: 7.4/10
Who's Running the Show
Politics, freedom, and press independence
Source: EIU Democracy Index
Peace: IEP Global Peace Index
Also: Freedom House · RSF Press Freedom Index
How is this calculated?What Will Break 6 Months In
The system works. It just works on its own schedule. Government offices close early, queues are real, and patience is mandatory.
Outages happen often enough to notice. A UPS for your router isn't paranoia — it's planning.
How Close Is Russia, Really?
NATO status, border distance, trade dependency
How Close Is Russia, Really?
NATO status, border distance, trade dependency
Close — military posture changes are a local weather report
Poland's Russia trade dependency
75% less dependent on Russian trade since the invasion
Within 290 km of the Russian border, but NATO Article 5 applies since 1999.
Sources: NATO, Eurostat, IMF DOTS, World Bank WITS. Trade figures 2024.
LGBTQ+ Rights & Reproductive Access
Rainbow 18/100 · No recognition
LGBTQ+ Rights & Reproductive Access
Rainbow 18/100 · No recognition
The Fine Print on Being Yourself
LGBTQ+ protections, reproductive rights, and who the law actually covers
!The democracy score looks decent (7.4/10), but LGBTQ+ protections tell a different story. Don't let the aggregate fool you.
Hostile environment
Trans Rights
Reproductive Health Access
Near-total ban since 2021. Only permitted for life/health threat or rape/incest. One of Europe's most restrictive.
Source: ILGA-Europe / Equaldex
Reproductive: Center for Reproductive Rights
How Rainbow Index works: ILGA-Europe's Rainbow Europe index (0–100) weights recent legal changes heavily — countries that passed rights early but haven't added new protections since score lower than countries still actively legislating. This is why Amsterdam (59) scores below Madrid (76): the Netherlands did everything first but Rainbow Europe rewards momentum, not just outcomes.
Jewish Safety
Antisemitic attitudes, hate crimes, and community presence
Jewish Safety
Antisemitic attitudes, hate crimes, and community presence
Will You Feel Safe Wearing a Magen David Here?
Antisemitic attitudes, hate crime incidents, and Jewish community presence
Above average
ADL Global 100 (2024) — % agreeing with 6+ of 11 antisemitic stereotypes
Attitudes: adl_global100
Synagogues: osm_overpass_synagogues
How to read this: These three metrics are shown separately because they measure different things. ADL measures attitudes (what people believe), OSCE counts reported incidents (what gets filed), and synagogues show community presence (not safety). A country can have high attitudes and low incidents (Saudi Arabia) or low attitudes and high incidents (UK). No single number captures "Jewish safety" — read all three together.
English in Warsaw
Very High
English in Warsaw
Very High
English in Warsaw
Primary language is Polish.
International offices and client work can usually stay in English.
English gets you through many daily tasks, but admin friction shows up fast.
Office English follows EF EPI. Street English is stricter because landlords, clinics, and bureaucracy usually lag behind workplace English.
FSI-style difficulty — 1 (practically a dialect) to 5 (new everything)
Source: EF English Proficiency Index
Will the Lights Stay On?
Grid 65/100 · 29% renewable · Outages: occasional
Will the Lights Stay On?
Grid 65/100 · 29% renewable · Outages: occasional
Will the Lights Stay On?
Grid stability, energy mix, and outage risk
Sources: IEA, World Bank (SAIDI), national grid operators
Moving Within the EU to Warsaw
EHIC/S1 healthcare, tax residency triggers & expat communities for EU passport holders
Moving Within the EU to Warsaw
EHIC/S1 healthcare, tax residency triggers & expat communities for EU passport holders
What your EU health card actually covers here — and when it stops working
EHIC — European Health Insurance Card
EHIC covers medically necessary care during temporary stays. After registration, employees are automatically enrolled in NFZ (National Health Fund) via employer contributions. Self-employed must register with ZUS and pay health insurance contributions (~PLN 560/month minimum). Private healthcare is popular due to NFZ waiting times.
S1 Form — Porting Your Coverage
Pensioners from another EU country get NFZ access via S1. Posted workers use A1.
Source: EU Regulation 883/2004 (coordination of social security), EU/EEA bilateral agreements
When Poland starts taxing you — and how your old country might not let go
You're tax-resident in Poland if your center of personal or economic interests is there, or you spend 183+ days. Standard tax rates: 12% up to PLN 120,000 (~€28k), then 32%. The lump-sum tax (ryczałt) for IT freelancers is 12% of revenue — popular with tech workers. No special expat flat-tax regime.
Source: Poland national tax authority, EU ATAD directive, OECD Model Tax Convention
Expat communities, language meetups, and how to find your Stammtisch
One of Europe's largest post-2022. Ukrainian House (Dom Ukraiński), Saturday schools, integration via ZUS. Concentrated in Praga and Wola districts.
Small and cautious post-2022. Russian-language cultural events have largely shifted to Ukrainian-inclusive formats.
Source: InterNations, Facebook groups, community directories — verified May 2026
More on Warsaw
Warsaw — FAQ
10 questions answered
Warsaw — FAQ
10 questions answered
Warsaw — Things You'll Want to Know
How safe is Warsaw, really?▾
Homicide rate: 0.7 per 100,000 (UNODC). World average is 5.8, so Warsaw is very safe by global standards. Numbeo Crime Index sits at 25.4/100 (lower = safer) — that's what residents actually say about walking home at night, not what the tourism board says. Learn the neighborhoods before signing a lease — every city has blocks you'll love and blocks you won't.
What's the real cost of living in Warsaw?▾
A 1-bed in the centre runs about $1224/month (Numbeo). Day-to-day: a cheap restaurant meal: $11.84, monthly transit pass: $31. All in — rent, food, getting around, keeping the lights on — budget $1624–$2024/month depending on whether you cook or eat out. That's the settler number, not the tourist number.
What's the weather actually like in Warsaw?▾
Warsaw: Summers reach around 23°C with about 16.8 hours of daylight in Jun, winters drop to around -4°C and 7.7 hours of daylight in Dec. Comfortable summers — the kind where you argue about whether to open the window or not.
Can you get by in Warsaw without the local language?▾
Very High English proficiency (EF EPI). But that one word hides two very different realities: office English 83/100 (can you work in English?) and street English 68/100 (can you argue with your landlord in English?). The office is usually easier. The landlord is the real test.
Is Warsaw actually worth settling in long-term?▾
Poland scores 7.4/10 on the EIU Democracy Index. Solid democracy. Not perfect, but the courts work and the press is free. You can build a life without worrying about the next election too much. Rent from $1224/month.
What's the job market really like in Warsaw?▾
Unemployment: 3.0%. Translation: jobs exist and companies are actually hiring — a rarity worth noting. If you're planning to job-hunt locally, research your industry before booking a one-way ticket. If you work remotely, this number matters less — but your visa type might not let you.
Who's actually hiring in Warsaw?▾
Companies with real offices here (not just a registered address): CD Projekt, Allegro, Samsung R&D, Google, Goldman Sachs, JPMorgan. Check their career pages — a company on this list isn't a guarantee they're hiring right now, but it means the talent pipeline exists.
Is Warsaw any good for expats?▾
Depends what kind of expat you are. Key facts: rent from $1224/month; Poland Temporary Residence (moderate requirements); English is widely spoken, reducing the language barrier significantly. The numbers above — livability score, safety, cost of living — tell you whether the city works on paper. Whether it works for you depends on what you're optimizing for. Take the quiz if you want a more honest answer than "it's great for expats."
How do you actually get a visa to live in Poland?▾
Poland has the Poland Temporary Residence program. Duration: Up to 3 years. Requirements: Proof of employment or business. EU-standard process. Schengen access. Doable with paperwork and patience. Budget a few weeks for bureaucracy to bureaucracy. Always verify with the official government portal — immigration rules change faster than this page updates.
How long until you get permanent residency in Poland?▾
Permanent residency typically takes 5 years of legal residence; citizenship eligibility after 8 years total. The usual prerequisites: proof of income, a clean criminal record, and sometimes enough local language to prove you're serious. Rules change — check with an immigration lawyer before building your five-year plan around a Reddit thread.
Can you actually move to Poland?
Check real visa paths based on your passport, profession, and savings. Not the tourist visa — the one that lets you stay.
Check visa options for Poland →Other cities in Poland
See all →▸Show full data table
🇵🇱 Warsaw
$2,909/ mo
Rent: $1224 · Rest: $1684
🎬 That's 194 movie tickets/mo
73/100
36th
5y
8y
😊 23°C
🥶 -4°C
109↓ / 23↑ Mbps
Median · Ookla
Poland
Economics · World Bank / IMF
GDP per capita (PPP)2024
$51,263
GDP Growth2024
+3.0%
Inflation2024
3.8%↑
Boringly steadyUnemployment2025
3.0%
Gini Index2023
28.5
Population2024
1,862,402
Politics · EIU / Freedom House
Democracy Index
7.4↑39th
Regime
Flawed democracy
Freedom House
82/100
Press Freedom
31st
Safety · UNODC / Numbeo
Homicide per 100K
0.7
Safety Index
74.6/100
Residency Path · immigration-poland.com
Visa Difficulty
Time to Permanent Residency
5 years
Path to Citizenship
8 years
Work Permit
moderate
Career
Industries
software-it, finance, game-dev
Startup Scene
active
Connectivity · Ookla Speedtest
Median downloadWarsaw
109.1 Mbps
Avg uploadPoland
23.3 Mbps
Avg downloadPoland
111.4 Mbps
Median across all connection types (DSL, cable, fiber, mobile). Fiber and 5G plans in major cities typically deliver 300–1 000 Mbps.
Language · EF EPI
Languages
Polish (III)
English Proficiency
Very High15th
Next up
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Data sources
Open-Meteo Air Qualityadl_global100osm_overpass_synagoguesbanking_accessCareer MetricscomputedNumbeoUNODCgovernmentmanualWikidataWorld BankOpen ElevationEF English Proficiency IndexcuratedTownleap (Curated)Ookla SpeedtestJob Market DataWikipedialanguage_communities_cacheILGA-Europe / EqualdexEIU Democracy IndexIEP Global Peace IndexCenter for Reproductive RightsEurostat Road SafetyOECD ITFWHO Road SafetyEurostat (SES)Levels.fyiISD (Tuition Data)OECD PISAWikipedia (Intl. Schools)ISD (Intl. Schools)Townleap verified Russian-language schooling referencesTravel AdvisoryTownleap (Computed)Numbeo Quality of Lifeeurostat_arn2compiledwartime_supportderived_daylightWeatherSpark